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Abū Hurayrah al-Dawsiyy al-Zahrāniyy (: ??? ????? ?????? ??????????; 603–681), often spelled Abu Hurairah, was one of the
(companions) of
and, according to , . He was known by the
Abu Hurayrah "Father of the Kitten", in reference to his documented attachment to cats, but his real name is differed upon, the most popular opinion being that it was ‘Abd al-Ra?mān ibn ?akhr (??? ?????? ?? ???). Abu Hurayrah spent four years in the company of Muhammad and went on expeditions and journeys with him. It is estimated that he narrated around 5374 .
Abu Hurairah was born in
tribe from the region of Tihamah on the coast of the . His father had died, leaving him with only his mother and no other relatives. His name at birth was Abd al-Shamsh ("Servant of the Sun"). The meaning of “Abu Hurairah” is “The Father of Kittens.”
Abu Hurairah embraced Islam through
the chieftain of his tribe. Tufayl had returned to his village after meeting
and become a
in the early years of his mission. Abu Hurairah was one of the first to respond to his call, unlike the majority of Tufayl's tribesmen, who embraced Islam later. Abu Hurairah accompanied Tufayl to
to meet Muhammad who renamed him Abd al-Rahman (servant of the Merciful, one of the ). Abu Hurairah then returned to his tribe to live for many years.
He was present during the ‘. Some scholars claim, the expedition took place in the , a large area of tableland in the
(or the beginning of 5 AH). They substantiate their claim by saying that it was strategically necessary to carry out this campaign in order to quell the rebellious bedouins in order to meet the exigencies of the agree d upon encounter with the polytheists, i.e. minor Badr Battle in , 4 A.H. Muhammed received the news that certain tribes of the
were assembling at Dhat al-Riqa‘ with suspicious purposes.
Muhammad proceeded towards Najd at the head of 400 or 700 men, after he had mandated
- in the Umayyad version, the Umayyad chief who killed Abu Dhar is given this honor:
- to dispose the affairs of
during his absence. The Muslim fighters penetrated deep into their land until they reached a spot called , where they came across some bedouins of Ghatfan.
However, the opinion according to
in his , is that the Dhat ar-Riqa‘ campaign took place after the fall of
and not as part of the invasion of the Najd. This is supported by the fact that Abu Hurayrah and
witnessed the battle. Abu Hurairah embraced Islam only some days before Khaibar, and Abu Musa Al-Ash‘ari came back from
and joined Muhammad at Khaybar. The rules relating to the prayer of fear which Muhammad observed at Dhat Ar-Riqa‘ campaign, were revealed at the Invasion of the 'Asfan and this, scholars say, took place after the .
Following the death of Muhammad, Abu Hurayrah spent the rest of his life teaching hadith in Medina, except for a short period as governor of
(then called "Bahrayn") during the reign of , and when he was the governor of Medina during the early . Abu Hurayrah died in 681 CE (59 AH) at the age of 78 and was buried at .
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seldom accept hadith narrated by
that opposed Ali after the death of Muhammad unless there is a substantial similarity to one narrated by the family of Muhammad (who are considered reliable). According to the Shia, Abu Hurairah reportedly accepted Islam a few years before Muhammad's death, during the . The Shia portray him as an enemy of
and his sons
because he was in favour of .
According to the Richard Gottheil and Hartwig Hirschfeld, Abu Hurairah was one of the close disciples of .
Glassé, Cyril (2003). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. Rowman Altamira. p. 102.  .
Sahih Bukhari Volume 001, Book 003, Hadith Number 118
El-Esabah Fi Tamyyz El Sahabah. P.7 p. 436.
Shorter Urdu Encyclopedia of Islam, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 1997, pg. 65.
Muir, William (1861), , Smith, Elder & Co, p. 224
Rahman al-Mubarakpuri, Saifur (2005), , Darussalam Publications, p. 240
Abgad Elulm, pp.2, 179.
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