宝钢工程技术集团有限公司金亚飚高级工程师介绍超声波污泥预处理技术
核心提示：污水是水与泥的结合体，污泥也是水与泥的结合体，只是各自所占比例不同。污泥的水分可以分为四种：间隙水、毛细水、吸附水和内部
污水是水与泥的结合体，污泥也是水与泥的结合体，只是各自所占比例不同。污泥的水分可以分为四种：间隙水、毛细水、吸附水和内部水。
颗粒间的空隙水，约占污泥水分的70%，在污泥颗粒间形成一些小的毛细管，其中充满的水称毛细水，约占20%，颗粒的吸附水被吸附在颗粒表面，约占7%左右，可用加热法脱除;存在于污泥颗粒内部或微生物细胞内的水称为内部水，约占污泥的3%，污泥中水分与污泥颗粒结合的程度由大到小的顺序为：内部水&吸附水&毛细水&空隙水，结合程度越高，越难脱除。
毛细水与吸附水可以统称为污泥菌胶团内部包含水，约占污泥总水量的27%，而菌胶团结构稳定，难以为机械作用(压滤、离心)破坏，造成脱水困难。
物理调质方法有污泥淘洗、热处理、冷冻熔融、超声波调节等方法，污泥淘洗主要用于污泥消化预处理，目的是降低碱度，节省药剂，但是淘洗会降低污泥肥效，并且对污泥浓缩生污泥不太有效。热处理法对污泥加热，可以加速粒子的热运动，提高碰撞和结合的频率，破坏胶体结构达到粒子间的凝聚。同时有机物受热水解、溶化、改善脱水性能。污泥还可以在热作用下进行水解(中性，碱性或酸性)。热处理法包括高温热处理和低温热处理。高温热处理(180-200度)的主要缺点是分离液BOD、COD高，色度大，臭气度大。低温热处理(135-165度)的温度不得高于175度，有机物含量在50%-70%效果较好。冷冻熔融处理法是指将污泥冻结，然后加热溶解的调节技术。由于温度发生大幅度变化，胶体颗粒脱稳凝聚，颗粒由细变大，失去了毛细状态，同时细胞壁破裂，细胞内部水分变成自由水分，从而提高污泥的沉降性能与脱水性能。在控制良好的情况下，冷冻熔融处理同时可以减少污泥内的致病菌量以及大幅度改善脱水性能，大幅降低污泥后处理的成本，但是它面临的问题是如何有效地设计机械冷冻设备。污泥冷冻调节主要用于给水污泥的调质，对污水污泥调质的有效性存在不少问题。过多的加入化学调质剂量，一定程度上也是增加的污泥(污泥+絮凝剂)量的产生。
超声波调节是近年来新开发的技术，大功率超声波可以降解污泥，降低其含水率。超声波对污泥能够产生一种海绵效应，使水分更易从波面传播产生的通道通过，从而使污泥颗粒团聚，粒径增大，当颗粒径大到一定程度，就会做热运动相互碰撞、黏结、最终沉淀。超声波对污泥的其他一些作用，如局部发热、界面破坏、扰动和空化，能够使污泥中的细胞破壁，并且加速固液分离，改善污泥的脱水性能。另外，超声波对混凝有促进作用。当超声波通过有微小絮体颗粒的流体介质时，其中的颗粒开始与介质一起振动，但由于大小不同的粒子具有不同的振动速度，颗粒就相互碰撞，黏合，体积与质量均增大。当粒子变大到不能随超声振动时，只能做无规则运动，继续碰撞、黏合、变大、最终沉淀。
污泥菌胶团内部包含水约占污泥总水量的27%，而菌胶团结构稳定，难以为机械作用(压滤，离心等)破坏，造成脱水困难。采用一定的预处理方式，0.11&0.22W/mL的超声波处理可以破坏菌胶团的结构，使其中的内部水排出，同时保持污泥较大的颗粒，从而提高污泥的沉降性能。超声波和其他方法的结合可以使污泥凝聚，改善生物活性，可以降低超过10%的污泥含水量。此外，超声波还可以使细胞破壁，细胞内含物溶出，可以加速污泥的水解过程，从而达到缩短消化时间、减少消化池容积、提高甲烷产量的目的。超声波能有效地破坏菌胶团结构，将其内部包含水被释放成为可以比较容易去除的自由水。除了改变污泥性质，超声波还能加快微生物生长，提高对有机物的分解吸收能力，而且促进效应在超声波停止后数小时内依然存在。超声波污泥预处理是一种高效干净的友好环境技术。
国外已经有了相关的应用。可以作为我们的借鉴和参考。
金亚飚，宝钢工程技术集团有限公司高级工程师，注册公用设备工程师，毕业于同济大学环境工程学院。中国环境保护产协会水污染治理委员会专家，水网专家，中国 城镇供水排水协会行业学术专家，节能专家，中国环境科学学会高级会员，上海市金属学会会员，上海发明协会会员，中国能源环境科技协会膜与水处理技术专委会 会员，中国低碳协会专家，上海市科委专家，《工业水处理》杂志编委。具有消防设施技术检测单项资格。微信扫描二维码，随时随地了解环保最新资讯和精彩活动，实时信息触手可得！
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7月20日，中冶宝钢技术第二公司中标宝钢硅钢部3号退火炉进行和4号机组清洗段进行碱液回收利用工程。该工程计划于2015年10月开工，日完成试车并交付生产。目前，宝钢硅钢部3号机组退火炉采用全辐射管加热，焦炉煤气消耗较高。改造施工主要是为该机组新增130套一级空气预热器、130套二级空气预热器和130套辐射管主烧嘴，以及配套烟气管道、电仪控制系统、供配电系统、水/气公用介质系统和土建配套工程。改造后的机组每年可节约煤气156.84万立方米，减少低压蒸汽排放8000吨。针对宝钢硅钢4号机组清洗段碱液清洗带钢后，除淤泥和油污能力较差、影响带钢表面清洗质量的问题，对清洗段进行碱液回收利用改造。施工内容包括配电系统设计、新增一套碱液净化装置和40平方米绿化搬迁及恢复。其中碱液净化装置包括两套过滤单元，每套过滤单元包括斜板沉淀和除油装置&自清洗过滤器&微滤装置&压榨机等主要设备。改造完成后，每年可节约100.47吨标准煤，减少碱液消耗208.8吨和近6000吨碱性废水的排放。
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宝钢技术2013年 第二期
电磁搅拌器电源逆变桥的改造
金国平,廖国斌
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关键词：制粒方式; 制粒效果; 烧结矿中图分类号：TF046.4文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0007-05doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.002
The experimental study of the granulation process
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(1.Baosteel Resources Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200080, C
2.Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201900, China)
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利用TG?DSC方法对铁矿石分解及软熔特性的研究
齐伟,李咸伟,沈红标,朱亚平
(宝山钢铁股份有限公司研究院,上海201900)摘要：利用TG?DSC方法在空气气氛下,对澳大利亚和巴西共13种铁矿石的结晶水分解特性、矿石中Fe2O3分解特性及铁矿石的软熔特性进行了试验研究。研究结果表明,澳大利亚铁矿石和巴西铁矿石的结晶水开始分解温度、分解温度区间、结晶水含量及结晶水分解吸热量均存在差异,经计算，如果烧结混合料中结晶水升高1个百分点,那么在烧结过程中,由结晶水分解吸热量增加而需要多消耗的热量为2.31&104 kJ。澳大利亚和巴西铁矿石的Fe2O3分解起始温度、终止温度及分解温度区间相近,而澳大利亚矿的Fe2O3分解吸热量却明显高于巴西矿的Fe2O3分解吸热量。铁矿石软熔过程生成的液相量与矿石中SiO2含量密切相关,SiO2含量越高,矿石在软熔过程中生成的液相量越多,&值越小。
关键词：铁矿石; TG?DSC; 结晶水分解; Fe2O3分解; 软熔特性中图分类号：TF521文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0012-06doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.003
The research on the decomposition and softening?melting
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QI Wei, LI Xianwei, SHEN Hongbiao and ZHU Yaping
(Research Institute, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201900, China)
Abstract：13 kinds of iron ores (6 from Australia and 7 from Brazil) were studied on their properties concerning CW (Combined Water) decomposition, Fe2O3 decomposition and softening?melting in air atmosphere through the characterization method of TG?DSC (Thermogravimetry?Differential Scanning Caloremetry). The experimental results of the Australian ores and Brazilian ores differ in terms of the initial temperature, temperature range and endothermic amount of CW decomposition, and besides, the content of CW. It is estimated that for every percent increase of CW content in sintering raw material, the extra thermal amount absorbed in the process is about 2.31&104 kJ. As to the decomposition of Fe2O3, the initial temperatures, terminal temperatures and temperature ranges of the Australian and Brazilian ores are quite closer. However, the endothermic amount of Fe2O3 decomposition of the two turns out rather different: the endothermic capacity of Fe2O3 decomposition of the Australian ores is greater than that of the Brazilian ores. Furthermore, the liquid amount generated in the softening?melting process is closely related to the SiO2 content in iron ore. The higher SiO2 the ore contains, the more liquid volume,it will generate in the softening?melting process of iron ore.Key words： TG?DSC; CW Fe2O3 softening?melting properties
铁矿石在含氢煤气中的还原行为研究
李建1,朱锦明2,熊林1,赵晓岩1,林金嘉2,彭新1
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关键词：还原行为; 球团和块矿; H2-CO中图分类号：TF533文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0018-05doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.004
Reduction behaviors of iron ore lump and pellets with H2-CO gas
LI Jian1, ZHU Jinming2, XIONG Lin1, ZHAO Xiaoyan1, LIN Jinjia2 and PENG Xin1
(1.Research Institute, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201900, C
2.Ironmaking Plant, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200941, China)
Abstract：The differences of reduction behaviors between iron ore lump and pellets were studied by conducting low temperature reduction degradation, static load reduction and droplet tests. These tests simulated the conditions of reduction temperature and hydrogen?containing gas in COREX. Due to its dense structure and low porosity compared with pellets, lump ore possesses poor reduction degradation index (RDI) and slower reduction rate in early and medium reaction stages, showing signs of lower strength, lower softening and melting temperatures, as well as a wider melting zone and higher &DP. That provides some basis to explain the phenomena of differential pressure rise, metallization decline and more sticking after the usage of lump ore in COREX plant.Key words： H2-CO
不锈钢冷轧污泥配矿压球工艺及冶金性能研究
石磊,陈荣欢,王如意
(宝山钢铁股份有限公司研究院,上海201900)摘要：冷轧污泥成分复杂、产量大、危害严重,已成为不锈钢企业环保治理的难点,国内外尚无妥善安全又经济实用的利用途径。针对不锈钢冷轧污泥的特点,进行了配矿压球、高温焙烧的正交试验,考察了污泥球团的主要冶金性能。结果表明，污泥掺量30%时,球团抗压强度、化学成分和主要冶金性能满足高炉要求;按照10%进行配料,对高炉顺行无影响,是一条工艺简单、技术可行的无害化处理途径。
关键词：不锈钢冷轧污泥; 配矿压球; 冶金性能中图分类号：X703文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0023-05doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.005
Study on metallurgical properties and pellet proportioning
technology of stainless steel cold?rolling sludge
SHI Lei, CHEN Ronghuan and WANG Ruyi
(Research Institute, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201900, China)
Abstract：With a complicated composition, large production and serious damage to the environment, stainless steel cold?rolling sludge has been a focal point concerning environmental protection for stainless steel enterprises. Up to now, neither at home nor abroad have any technologies come into being that are not only proper, safe and economical but also suitable for bulk utilization of stainless steel cold?rolling sludge. Based on the characteristics of the stainless steel cold?rolling sludge, orthogonal experiments were carried out on pellet proportioning and high?temperature roasting, and major metallurgical properties of sludge pellets were also tested. As the results show, pellets with 30% addition of cold?rolling sludge are qualified regarding their compressive strength, chemical composition and major metallurgical properties. No adverse impact happens to the blast furnace operation when sludge pellets account for 10% of the blast furnace raw materials. Therefore, the technical route applied in this paper is proved simple, feasible and environmentally friendly for cold?rolling sludge treatment.Key words：stainless steel cold?
metallurgical properties
红土矿高炉冶炼含镍铁水的技术经济分析
张友平1,储滨2,陈焱2
(1.宝山钢铁股份有限公司,上海.宝钢不锈钢有限公司,上海200431)摘要：近年来,红土矿为我国不锈钢产业的快速增长提供了大量的含镍原料。目前红土矿冶炼主要以火法工艺为主,其中含铁较高的红土矿多采用高炉冶炼工艺。以一种含铁50.4%的红土矿为原料,采用高炉工艺冶炼含镍铁水,在关键工艺分析基础上,进行了技术经济分析,为红土矿在我国的合理利用提供参考。
关键词：红土矿; 高炉; 含镍铁水中图分类号：TF644文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0028-05doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.006
Technical and economic analysis of Ni?containing hot
metal production with laterite in blast furnaces
ZHANG Youping1, CHU Bin2 and CHEN Yan2
(1.Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201900, C
2.Baosteel Stainless Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200431, China)
Abstract：In recent years, many Ni?containing materials manufactured from laterite have played a significant role in supporting the rapid development of the stainless steel industry in China. Currently, pyrometallurgy is the main process for laterite smelting, where blast furnaces are employed to make Ni?containing hot metal. With the aim of giving some references for making good use of laterite, technical and economic analysis was conducted in this paper, based on the discussion of the key technologies of Ni?containing hot metal production with laterite (50.4% Fe) in blast furnaces.Key words： Ni?containing hot metal
宝钢烧结配加智利精矿粉的技术分析
周茂军,王跃飞,向家发
(宝山钢铁股份有限公司炼铁厂,上海200941)摘要：智利精矿粉接近于纯磁铁矿,硅铝含量较低、铁品位较高、理化指标较好。混匀矿中配入智利精矿粉,能够提高全铁含量,有利于控制SiO2和Al2O3的含量。但是其粒度较细的特点会导致混匀矿粒度下降和粒度偏析,使用量因此受到限制。分析使用智利精矿粉期间烧结生产的技术指标与过程参数的变化,综合评价智利精矿粉的烧结性能。实践表明,配加3%以下的智利精矿粉对生产率、成品率、烧结终点温度和位置以及风箱平均负压无显著影响,有利于降低固体燃耗和点火燃料单耗;配加智利精矿粉未对烧结矿质量产生负面影响,而且有利于提高烧结矿碱度稳定性。
关键词：烧结; 铁矿石; 智利精矿粉中图分类号：TF124.5+1文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0033-04doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.007
Technical analysis on the addition of Chilean concentrates
at Baosteel&s sintering plant
ZHOU Maojun, WANG Yuefei and XIANG Jiafa
(Ironmaking Plant, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200941, China)
Abstract：Chilean concentrates are similar to pure magnetite ore. They have low alumina and silica contents, high Fe grade and good physical and chemical characteristics. Adding Chilean concentrates to the blended ore used for sintering production can increase the content of total Fe and is beneficial to the control of SiO2 and Al2O3 contents. However, the fine Chilean concentrates will cause the granularity of blended ore to decrease and segregate. Therefore, the use of Chilean concentrates are limited. According to the variation of technology indicators and process parameters when Chilean concentrates were used in sintering production, this paper made a comprehensive evaluation on the sintering characteristics of Chilean concentrates. The production practice shows that the addition of Chilean concentrates at a proportion lower than 3% has no significant influence on the productivity, yield, BTP temperature and position and negative pressure of the windbox, and is favorable for reducing the solid fuel consumption and the specific COG consumption. In addition, the use of Chilean concentrates has no negative effect on the sinter quality. On the contrary, it can improve the stability of the sinter basicity.Key words： Chilean concentrates
航空涡轮盘用GH4169G合金研制
王庆增1,陈国胜2,孙文儒3
(1.宝钢特种材料有限公司,上海.宝山钢铁股份有限公司,上海200940;
3.中国科学院金属研究所,辽宁沈阳110016)摘要：目前应用最广泛的航空涡轮盘材料是IN718合金,提高IN718合金的组织稳定性和持久寿命对航空发动机的使用尤为重要。试验研究发现,添加适量的P、B可有效提高IN718合金的持久寿命,但添加P、B的IN718合金材料工业化生产和应用方面的报道很少。采用金相观察、力学性能测试等手段,研究了GH4169G合金的组织与性能。对比分析了P、B微量元素不同添加量对GH4169G合金力学性能的影响。试验结果表明,GH4169G合金的热加工工艺性能良好;与普通IN718合金相比,GH4169G合金的持久寿命提高3倍以上。
关键词：GH4169G; IN718; 涡轮盘; 磷; 硼; 微合金化中图分类号：TG135+.2文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0037-06doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.008
Research on the GH4169G alloy for aerospace turbine disks
WANG Qingzeng1, CHEN Guosheng2 and SUN Wenru3
(1.Baosteel Special Materials Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200940, C
2.Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200940, C
3.Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China)
Abstract：The IN718 alloy is currently the most widely used material for aerospace turbine disks. It is important to improve the structure stability and the long?term rupture life of the IN718 alloy used in aircraft engines. Previous researches found that proper addition of P and B trace elements can effectively improve the long?term rupture life of the IN718 alloy. However, there are few reports about the industrial production and application of the IN718 alloy added with P and B trace elements. In this paper, the microstructures and properties of the GH4169G alloy were investigated by means of measures such as metallographic observation and mechanical performance testing. The influence of the additive amount of P and B trace elements on the mechanical properties of the GH4169G alloy was analyzed. The experimental results show that the GH4169G alloy has a good thermal processing performance and its long?term rupture life is more than three times as long as that of the ordinary IN718 alloy without P and B addition. Key words：GH4169G; IN718; micro?alloying
含铜马氏体不锈钢的性能研究
秦斌,马永柱,江来珠
(宝山钢铁股份有限公司研究院,上海200431)摘要：研究了不同热处理条件下含铜量为3%的Cr13型马氏体不锈钢的性能。分别在900～1 200℃对Cr13Cu3进行正火热处理,然后测试了经正火后试样的硬度、富铜相析出情况和抗菌性。结果表明,Cr13Cu3在950～1 200℃间正火时硬度(HRC)达到50以上,但抗菌效果不好。又将经过1 100℃正火后的Cr13Cu3试样在300～650℃进行回火,测试结果显示,低于450℃回火时硬度较低;在450℃回火的硬度(HRC)达到50,但抗菌效果不佳;高于450℃回火时耐蚀性明显下降。由此可见,含铜马氏体不锈钢难以同时达到高硬度、高耐蚀性和抗菌性的要求。
关键词：马氏体不锈钢; 铜; 抗菌中图分类号：TG142.33文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0043-04doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.009
Study on the properties of Cu?containing martensitic stainless steel
QIN Bin, MA Yongzhu and JIANG Laizhu
(Research Institute, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200431, China)
Abstract：The properties of Cr13 type martensitic stainless steel with 3% Cu under different heat treatment conditions were studied. After Cr13Cu3 samples were hardened at 900-1 200℃, their hardness, content of the Cu?rich phase and antibacterial properties were tested. The results showed that samples normalized at 950-1 200℃ achieved a hardness (HRC) higher than 50 but their antibacterial properties were poor. Then samples normalized at 1 100℃ were tempered at 300-650℃. The test results were as follows:samples tempered at temperatures lower than 450℃ samples tempered at 450℃ had a hardness (HRC) as high as 50 but poor anti samples tempered at temperatures higher than 450℃ had poor corrosion resistance property. Therefore, it is hard for Cu?containing martensitic stainless steel to achieve high hardness, good corrosion resistance property and certain antibacterial properties at the same time.Key words：martens Cu; antibacterial
温度场对热力模拟压缩试验变形行为影响的数值模拟研究
姚雷,郑芳,张戈
(宝山钢铁股份有限公司研究院,上海201900)摘要：针对热力模拟压缩变形试验中由于模具与材料之间的隔热效果不理想导致的试样端部温度下降造成的试样温度场不均匀情况,对热力模拟压缩试验的影响使用数值模拟方法进行了研究,考察了不同温度场分布对于压缩试验中的变形抗力、变形后试样应变分布和应变速率的影响。结果表明,温度场的分布对载荷力、应变和应变速率的分布都有较大影响,会影响热力模拟压缩试验结果的正确性。
关键词：热力模拟; 压缩; 温度场; 应变; 应变速率; 变形抗力中图分类号：TG142.1文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0047-05doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.010
Simulation research on the influence of temperature fields on the
deformation behavior in thermal?mechanically simulated compression tests
YAO Lei, ZHENG Fang and ZHANG Ge
(Research Institute, Baoshan Iron ＆ Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201900, China)
Abstract：Research was done on the influence of uneven temperature fields caused by the heat conduction between samples and compressors on thermal?mechanically simulated compression tests. Numerical simulation was performed to study the influence of different temperature field distribution on the deformation resistance and the distribution of strain and strain rate. The results show that temperature fields have relatively significant effect on the deformation resistance and the distribution of strain and strain rate, which will influence the validity of thermal?mechanically simulated test data.Key words：thermal?m deformation resistance
一种热轧带钢力学性能预报模型的适用性分析方法
(宝山钢铁股份有限公司研究院,上海201900)摘要：GLOSP模型是以宝钢2 050 mm热轧产线的实际生产数据为基础,历经10年的探索与研究,从实际应用的角度研制出的一个全局通用型热轧带钢力学性能预报模型。提出了一种GLOSP模型的适用性分析方法,该方法通过设置分组变量以剔除一些可见因素造成的干扰,并在各分组内分别对力学性能实测值、预报值与其关键自变量进行线性回归,进而根据相应线性回归系数的相似度进行模型的适用性分析。应用实践表明,该方法不仅有效,还为模型的跨产线应用提供了方便。
关键词：热轧; 力学性能预报; 模型适用性中图分类号：TG135+.2文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0052-04doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.011
An applicability analysis method for hot strip
mechanical property prediction model
JIANG Xiuxia
(Research Institute, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201900, China)
Abstract：The GLOSP model is a global model for hot strip mechanical property prediction, developed on the basis of manufacturing data of Baosteel&s 2 050 mm hot strip mill after ten years of exploration and research. An applicability analysis method for the GLOSP model was proposed in this paper. This method eliminates the noise of visible factors by setting grouped variables of qualification, and performs linear regression with key independent variables and measured or predicted values of mechanical properties respectively in each group. Then, applicability analysis was made according to the similarity of corresponding linear regression coefficients. Practical application shows that not only is this method effective but also it provides convenience for the application of the model in other plants.Key words： mechanical model?applicability
座式点焊机机械特性对高强钢点焊工艺的影响
傅延安,张国祥,缪颢
(宝山钢铁股份有限公司产品发展部,上海201900)摘要：为了研究座式点焊机机械特性对焊接工艺性能的影响,测试了4种不同型号气动加载点焊机摩擦力、低合金高强钢B340LA的可焊电流范围、2台焊机点焊过程中的压力和位移变化曲线。结果表明,不同的点焊机有不同的摩擦力范围,而且差异显著。分析认为这种差异是导致不同焊机点焊工艺性能差异的主要原因之一,加载系统摩擦力小的焊机可焊电流范围大;点焊接头的剪切强度由焊点熔核直径决定,熔核直径相等焊点的剪切强度基本相等,每一种焊机都可在一定焊接电流范围内得到符合规范要求的熔核直径。
关键词：点焊机; 机械特性; 高强钢中图分类号：TG135+.2文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0056-05doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.012
Effect of mechanical characteristics of pedestal spot
welding machines on the joining of high?strength steel
FU Yan&an, ZHANG Guoxiang and MIAO Hao
(Product Development Department, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd.,
Shanghai 201900, China)
Abstract：Pedestal spot welding machines are widely used in sheet welding. In order to study the effect of the mechanical properties of pedestal spot welding machines, we tested the friction of four different spot welding machines and the welding current ranges for high strength low alloy steel B340LA. The pressure and displacement signals of 2 spot welding machines during welding were also recorded. The results show that different spot welding machines differ greatly in the range of friction, which is one of the main reasons for the difference in spot welding performance. A welding machine with smaller friction can enlarge the welding lobe. The results also show that the weld shear tension strength is determined by the nugget diameter of the welding spot. Welding spots with equal nugget diameters will have similar shear tension strengths. Each welding machine is able to produce welding spots of required nugget diameter within a certain welding current range.Key words： mechan high?strength steel
摄影测量在大型高炉炉壳形态评定的实践
蒋基洪1,张拥军2
(1.宝山钢铁股份有限公司; 2.宝钢工程技术集团有限公司,上海201900)摘要：通过对摄影测量技术的工作原理及系统组成的介绍,针对某厂高炉在生产使用过程中炉壳局部出现大面积发红、变形、环形裂纹和冷却板水管断裂等危及安全生产的问题,制定了具体的摄影测量方案和措施。结合炉体设计图纸、运行过程中炉壳失效历史记录和趋势等资料,对所采集的数据进行比对分析,成功地将该测量技术运用于炉壳变形测量和沉降测量。对比传统的测量方法,摄影测量结果更加真实地反映炉壳形态,为生产安全和设备维护提供了科学可靠的数据。
关键词：摄影测量; 炉壳形态; 评定中图分类号：TF573.2文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0061-06doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.013
Application of photography measure in evaluating status of blast furnace shell
JIANG Jihong1 and ZHANG Yongjun2
(1.Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd.;
2.Baosteel Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201900, China)
Abstract：This paper introduced the working principle and system components of the photography measure technology. During the blast furnace production process at a steel company, there existed serious problems with the furnace shell which endangered production safety, such as extensive reddening, deformation and annular cracks in certain parts of the shell, breakage of the water pipe of the cooling plate, etc. In order to solve these problems, a concrete solution of photography measure was worked out. The obtained data were compared and analyzed in combination of the design drawing of the blast furnace body, the historical records and tendency of the furnace shell failure and so on. The analysis results prove that the photography measure technology has been successfully applied in the measurement of furnace shell deformation and settlement. Compared with traditional measurement methods, photography measure is more accurate in telling the status of the blast furnace shell and more reliable in providing scientific data for the safety production and maintenance of the blast furnace.Key words： status of evaluation
酸再生焙烧炉炉温异常的分析
(宝山钢铁股份有限公司冷轧薄板厂,上海200431)摘要：全面梳理酸再生焙烧炉炉温异常故障现象,从设备结构、工艺两方面进行分析,列举可能产生焙烧炉炉温异常的诸多原因,结合现场实际对各类原因逐一进行排查,最终明确了故障要因是烧嘴空气和煤气的混合区域处堵塞;据此制定了有效简明的措施对该处实施定期清扫,及时排除故障;并通过对该故障的全面分析,在新建的酸再生机组上加装了氮气吹扫装置。
关键词：酸再生; 焙烧炉; 燃烧系统中图分类号：TF806.1文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0067-03doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.014
Analysis of temperature abnormity in acid
regeneration roasters
ZUO Chengwei
(Cold Rolled Thin Strip Mill, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200431, China)
Abstract：The temperature abnormity failure in acid regeneration roasters was studied. Possible causes for the failure were listed and analyzed from two perspectives of the device structure and the process. Investigation was performed on these possible causes based on the production practice, and the real cause was identified as the clogging in the air and gas mixing zone of the burner. Concise and effective measures were developed to carry out regular cleaning at this zone. In addition, after a comprehensive analysis of this failure, a nitrogen purge device was installed in a new acid regeneration unit.Key words： combustion system
外置式激光距离传感器在扩管比例缸控制中的应用
成进军,王仁波,刘恒杰
(烟台鲁宝钢管有限责任公司,山东烟台264002)摘要：阐述了采用外置式激光距离传感器替代内置位移传感器控制扩管小车比例缸驱动技术方案的可行性、方案的实施过程、系统调试遇到的问题与处理方法、替代后达到的效果。详细介绍了激光传感器数值经WinCC变量自带的线性标定功能进行转化存在的问题以及采用线性函数进行计算与整定的方法。采用外置式激光距离传感器替代内置式位移传感器做到了故障情况下可以与原内置位移传感器互为备用、互相切换,减少了设备故障,有效地解决了内置位移传感器频繁损坏的问题。
关键词：内置位移传感器; 外置式激光距离传感器; Step7; WinCC; S7-300 PLC中图分类号：TH741.1文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0070-06doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.015
Application of the external laser distance sensor in
controlling the proportional cylinder for pipe expanding
CHENG Jinjun, WANG Renbo and LIU Hengjie
(Yantai Lubao Pipe Co., Ltd., Yantai 264002, Shandong, China)
Abstract：This paper discussed the feasibility and implementation process of using an external laser distance sensor instead of the built?in displacement sensor to control the drive of the proportional cylinder for the tube expanding car. Problems arising from system debugging and solutions to them as well as the application effect of the laser sensor were also discussed. The problems existing in the conversion of laser sensor values via the lineral calibration function of WinCC variables and the method of calculation and tuning were introduced in detail. Through the replacement of the built?in displacement sensor by the external laser distance sensor, the two sensors can be the backup for each other and switch between them can be achieved when failure occurs. Thus equipment failure can be reduced and the problem of frequent breakdowns of the built?in displacement sensor can be effectively solved.Key words：built?in external l Step7; WinCC; S7-300 PLC
POWERFLEX 7000变频器在烧结主排起动装置的应用
苏继红,黄志刚,刘珧
(宝山钢铁股份有限公司设备部,上海200941)摘要：在二期烧结工程变频装置改造中,对三种应用于风机、水泵类负荷的高压、大容量变频装置的优缺点进行了比较,确定采用ROCKWELL公司POWERFLEX 7000&B&frame系列变频器。主要介绍POWERFLEX 7000变频器的组成、控制原理以及同步电动机从变频向工频切换控制原理,POWERFLEX 7000变频器在烧结主排风机软启动应用中的调试方法及注意事项。
关键词：变频器; 对称门极换流晶闸管(SGCT); 同步调节器; 同步切换中图分类号：TN773文献标志码：B文章编号：13)02-0076-05doi:10.3969/j.issn.13.02.016
Application of POWERFLEX 7000 inverter in the soft
starter of the main sintering fan
SU Jihong, HUANG Zhigang and LIU Yao
(Equipment Department, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200941, China)
Abstract：After the merits and demerits of three types of high?voltage and high?capacity inverters for fans and pumps were compared, the POWERFLEX 7000&B&frame inverter produced by ROCKWELL was selected and used in the inverter modification project of the No.2 sintering plant of Baosteel. This paper introduced the components and control principle of the POWERFLEX 7000 inverter as well as the control principle of transferring the synchronous machine from variable frequency to line frequency. The debugging method and matters need attention during the application of the POWERFLEX 7000 inverter in the soft starter of the main sintering fan were also introduced.Key words： symmetrical gate commutated thyristor(SGCT); s synchronous transfer}