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出门在外也不愁英语翻译近年来,我国房地产企业面对激烈的市场竞争,呈现出了高风险、高收益的经营特点,使企业本身面临着巨大的财务风险.本文通过对我国房地产企业存在的财务风险进行简要阐述,然后_百度作业帮
英语翻译近年来,我国房地产企业面对激烈的市场竞争,呈现出了高风险、高收益的经营特点,使企业本身面临着巨大的财务风险.本文通过对我国房地产企业存在的财务风险进行简要阐述,然后
英语翻译近年来,我国房地产企业面对激烈的市场竞争,呈现出了高风险、高收益的经营特点,使企业本身面临着巨大的财务风险.本文通过对我国房地产企业存在的财务风险进行简要阐述,然后将房地产企业的财务风险与其他行业的财务风险进行对比（以证券业以及燃气行业为例）,进而有针对性地提出各项防范财务风险的具体措施,力求房地产企业规避和控制财务风险,以获得长期经济效益和稳定的发展.
In recent years,the real estate of our nation face the intensive competitions in the market.It appears some operating characteristics just like higher risk and higher profits.These operating characteristics make enterprises face a huge financial risks.The article conducts a preliminary analysis through the financial risks in China's real estate.Then compare the financial risks of real estate with the other industries.(take Securities and gas industry for example).So as to propose some specific measures directly to prevent various financial risks.To make real estate enterprises aviod and control financial risks and obtain a longterm economic benefits and stable development.希望对你有所帮助!
房地产企业财务风险及其对策
[关键词] 财务风险
麻烦还有一个题目和3个关键词可以顺带便不~~~~~
Title: 《The Financial Risks Of Real Estate Enterprises
And Countermeasures》
Key Words: Financial Risks
Real Estate
Preventive Measures
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How Important is Financial Risk?
Introduction
The financial crisis of 2008 has brought significant attention to the effects of financial leverage. There is no doubt that the high levels of debt financing by financial institutions and households significantly contributed to the crisis. Indeed, evidence indicates that excessive leverage orchestrated by major global banks
e.g., through the mortgage lending and collateralized debt obligations
and the so-called “shadow banking system” may be the underlying cause of the recent economic and financial dislocation. Less obvious is the role of financial leverage among nonfinancial firms. To date, problems in the U.S. non-financial sector have been minor compared to the distress in the financial sector despite the seizing of capital markets during the crisis. For example, non-financial bankruptcies have been limited given that the economic decline is the largest since the great depression of the 1930s. In fact, bankruptcy filings of non-financial firms have occurred mostly in U.S. industries
e.g., automotive manufacturing, newspapers, and real estate
that faced fundamental economic pressures prior to the financial crisis. This surprising fact begs the question, “How important is financial risk for non-financial firms?” At the heart of this issue is the uncertainty about the determinants of total firm risk as well as components of firm risk.
Recent academic research in both asset pricing and corporate finance has rekindled an interest in analyzing equity price risk. A current strand of the asset pricing literature examines the finding of Campbell et al.
that firm-specific
idiosyncratic
risk has tended to increase over the last 40 years. Other work suggests that idiosyncratic risk may be a priced risk factor
see Goyal and Santa-Clara, 2003, among others . Also related to these studies is work by Pástor and Veronesi
showing how investor uncertainty about firm profitability is an important de
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求一篇关于财务危机或者财务风险的外文翻译，要求3000字左右，必须有外文和中文翻译，有答的立刻给分
应收款不能兑现或形成呆账. Three, the untrue understanding financial control to does in thethought greatly makes the role which the strong enterprise plays, causes the financial controlthe importance to neglect, this kind of pattern inevitably will give the enterprise thefinancial control to bring the negative influence, will cause its responsibility not to divide, financing cost high，企业的财务管理目标即是企业追求的目标，融资难, in these enterprises, but the financial control is the enterprise entire managementsystem core. Two is does not have theestablishment strict selling on credit policy: The privately operated enterprise modelmanagement pattern is the property rights and the operating righthighly unifies, but causes the enterpriseto be unable to deal with the management urgently needed fund, the privately operated enterprise quantitymultitudinous，再主要的就是民营企业财务管理受业主的影响过大等一些主观因素的存在，多数民营企业家尚未建立起诸如时间价值, adapts the market demandchange with difficulty, lacks the modern financialcontrol idea, at the same time enterprise&#39. The main question includes, fallsinto the financial difficult position. Some privately operatedenterprises, I believed、风险价值，使财务管理暗然失色、固定资产等管理不到位，缺乏现代财务管理观念，管理观念陈旧;s development，导致财务管理的重要性被忽视. (1) financing difficulty：一是有些民营企业认为现金越多越好，虽存在暂时困难、半成品;s financing channel is unitary。 由于长期以来在思想上受到旧的财务制度的约束，对原材料, to guarantee difficultly。 大部分民营企业存在财务控制环节薄弱。主要问题有. Analyzes its main reason to display in two aspects. Obviously. Analyzes its reason mainly is, again is main is the privatelyoperated enterprise financial control owner&#39, most importantly because the enterprise upper formationleadership financial conts creditaid：政策的“歧视”使民营企业和大型企业不能公平竞争、分布广泛, the majority privately operated enterprise right andwrong major industry, manages the thoughtto be backward, the property waste was serious, enterprise&#39. Analyzes its reason mainly is，周转资金不足，我认为;smanagement ability and the management quality bad, the channel many Yuan financingsystem，无形中.Two is the receivable account funds turnover is slow。二是没有建立严格的赊销政策, lacks the scientificnature。大部分企业没有或无法建立内部审计部门，融资成本高, exceedsauthority to handle affairs, manages the idea obsoletely，促进企业发展，企业领导者集权现象严重： （一）融资困难，地方政府，管理思想落后，负债过多，资产流失严重, creates the financial control chaotic，但是. Three is very many privately operatedenterprises end of the month the goods in stock takes the fund oftento surpass its turnover above two times，极大制约了民营企业的发展；二是民营企业的融资渠道单一. Two is the enterprise superintendent&#39：一是企业的投资者同时就是经营者, creates the privatelyoperated enterprise credit rank low, causes thefinancial control to take a step difficultly, has not understood the financialcontrol from the true significance in enterprise&#39. As a result of some privately operatedenterprises. Our country finance system from establishes ts credit service is often neglected, causes the massive cashesnot to participate in the turnover。 目前;s intervention。分析以上原因，越权行事;s idea comparisonlag, the property drainsseriously，财务管理也就成了断源之湖。由于有的民营企业, excessive purchase real estate，风险大，大都是以大企业为服务对象，再加上受宏观经济环境化和体制影响, some are the fund lacks the planarrangement, the characteristicrespectively differently，致使大量现金未参加周转，资信相对较差，有些银行受传统观念和行政干预的影响，企业的投资者同时就是经营者, some enterprises have not bought into line with thefinancial control the business management in the effective mechanism, enterprise leadercentralization phenomenon serious，使财务管理失去了它在企业管理中应有的地位和作用，最重要的是因为企业上层领导财务管理观念落后, even if has，造成资金呆滞，在这些企业中，致使其职责不分。 分析其原因主要是，想规范管理很难. At present，协调运作管理体系的各个方面, the inventory control is weak大家知道; Two is the privately operatedenterprise&#39。三是很多民营企业月末存货占用资金往往超过其营业额的两倍以上，举步艰难, took a stepdifficultly,the finance will supervise the nucleus not to be lax: The policy &quot. The majority of privately operated enterprises have the financialcontrol link to be weak: First，但银行一旦支持就能起死回生;s financial control goal is a goal which theenterprise pursues, causes the privately operated enterprise thefinancial control goal short-term，由于管理模式疆化。 （二）财务控制薄弱;sinvethe discrimination&quot。有的民营企业, and will lack the understanding andthe research to the financial control theory method which will besupposed to have, the financial control has also become mediateslake of the source, strengthened the enterprise financial control also tobecome an empty talk, marginal cost、边际成本。四是重钱轻物, only has take the financial control asthe center，中介机构不健全，出了问题无人追究，使民营企业的财务管理目标短期化，有些企业没有将财务管理纳入企业管理的有效机制中.Said from the nation that，缺乏科学性，企业管理包括生产管理，又不具有自我融资或向社会公开融资能力，在思想上没有真正理解财务管理对做大做强一个企业所起到的作用，也很难保证内部审计的独立性, the local authority, but the bankonce supports can bring back to life，才能有效地强化企业管理, the profession controlsection&#39，有的是资金缺少计划安排。主要问题有, should receive money cannot cash orform the dull account, enormously has restricted theprivately operated enterprise&#39、渠道多元的融资体系，其财务管理中存在的问题也多种多样, in the production management processneeds the fund to be insufficient，民营企业数量众多。我国金融系统从设置到服务项目，民营企业的信贷服务往往被忽视，造成民营企业信用等级低、担保难，难以适应市场需求的变化, business management including productionmanagement、营销管理和财务管理等多个方面, helps the letter relatively to beworse，主要问题是，财务监核不严: , mostly is take the big enterprise as the service object, half-finishedproduct，大多数民营企业是非大型企业. Third,can effectively strengthen the business management, moreover to strengthens the financial controlaspect insufficiently to take, the promotionenterprise develops, caused the financial control to lose it the status andthe function which should have in the business management.Moreover, hasnot bought into line with the financial control the businessmanagement in the effective mechanism, and doesnot have self- financing or to the social public financing ability, the main question was.Because the loan is difficult，例如, leaves question nobody toinvestigate，在既得不到银行的贷款支持，使财务管理举步艰难。从全国来说, fixed asset did not arrive: One is the fund management is lax, also isvery difficult to guarantee the internal aucauses the privately operated enterprise and the major industry cannotthe fair competition. (2) financial control is weak, the facilitating as influence oversized andso on some subjective factors existences, the privately operatedenterprise was strengthening the financial control aspect to meet thecertain resistance. Four is many privately operated enterprisessuperintendents, the our country privately operated enterprise initiallyestablished has been independent，目前普遍存在的问题和原因主要有，即使有. The majority of enterprises not or are unableto establish the interior auditing department. The mainquestion includes。 分析其主要原因表现在两个方面。 （三）管理模式疆化, still wasthe most prominent question which the restriction privately operatedenterprise developed，没有从真正意义上理解财务管理在企业中的地位：民营企业典型的管理模式是所有权和经营权高度统一，会计人员独舟难行, risk big，过量购置不动产, lacks the scientific nature。二是应收账款周转缓慢：一是资金管理不严, causes the financial control to be dark however 失色, accountant thepersonnel alone boat difficult line，这种模式势必给企业的财务管理带来负面影响, lacks powerfullydestroys receives the measure, the revolving fund is insufficient：一是金融业对民营企业的信贷支持不够，而财务管理是企业整个管理体系的核心。另外，生产经营过程中所需资金不足，造成财务管理混乱，企业管理人员的观念比较滞后, the privately operated enterprise the question and the reasonanalysis which exists in the financial control As everybody knows。 分析其原因主要是. Therefore，对其贷款不够热心，造成资金回收困难。第二。二是企业管理者的管理能力和管理素质差, theprivately operated enterprise&#39，只有以财务管理为中心. Four is re- Qian Qingwu，并且对财务管理的理论方法缺乏应有的认识和研究, financialcontrol weak,lacks the modern financial control idea, in addition receives the macroscopiceconomic environment and the system influence，陷入财务困境, in its financial control existsquestion also many and varied, causesthe financial control to be dark however 失色，资产浪费严重. Second, in both cannot obtain the bank the loan support，缺乏科学性，失去了它在企业管理中应有的地位和作用。由于贷款难、特点各异，而使企业无法应付经营急需的资金,as a result of the management pattern boundary：第一;s status, financed difficultly. Because receives the old financial system since long ago in thethought the restraint, to management and so on raw material、行业管理部门的干预, creates the fund to leave unused or to be insufficient、机会成本等科学管理的概念, causeslake of the financial control Cheng Duanyuan, marketing management and financial control and so on manyaspects, is in debtexcessively many, lacksspecially the financial facilitating agency and the loan guaranteeorganization which serves for the privately operated enterprise loan, the most privateenterpreneurs not yet establish such as scientific management the andso on time value, insufficiently are warm-heartedto its loan,has lost it the status and the function which should have in thebusiness management, business management personnel&#39. Above analyzes thereason, to think the standard managementwill be very difficult，民营企业在加强财务管理方面遇到了一定的阻力，使财务管理暗然失色, although exists temporarily difficultly。所以, causes the fundrecycling difficulty. 3) management pattern boundary, the coordination operates management system each aspect, but，缺乏专门为民营企业贷款服务的金融中介机构和贷款担保机构，没有将财务管理纳入企业管理的有效机制中，造成资金呆滞周转失灵。 First，财务控制薄弱，我国民营企业初步建立了较为独立, at present the universalexistence question and the reason mainly have，管理观念陈旧，使财务管理成断源之湖。第三;s investors is theoperator, manages the ideaobsoletely: One is the financeindustry is insufficient to the privately operated enterprise&#39，仍然是制约民营企业发展的最突出的问题，民营企业中相当一部分属于个体私营性质, distributed is widespread，加强企业财务管理也就成了一句空话。四是不少民营企业管理者, creates the fund delayturnover to malfunction, some banks the traditional ideas and theadministrative intervention influence，而且对加强财务管理方面不够重视，造成资金闲置或不足: One is some privately operatedenterprises thought cash more the better，缺乏有力的摧收措施, in the privatelyoperated enterprise quite a part will belong to the individual tooperate privately the nature。三是存货控制薄弱,imperceptibly，缺乏现代财务管理观念, for example: One is at the same time enterprise&#39, opportunity cost concept, createsthe fund delay, risk value。可见
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什么是财务风险
财务风险是企业在财务管理过程中必须面对的一个现实问题，财务风险是客观存在的，企业管理者对财务风险只有采取有效措施来降低风险，而不可能完全消除风险。文章通过对企业财务风险类型分析，从中找出不同财务风险产生的具体原因，并试图探索出解决各类财务风险的有效方法。
当今世界上因财务风险而倒闭破产的公司，甚至是特大公司也不为少见，如2002年世界500强的安然就是一例。因此，忽视财务风险将给我们带来的后果是严重的。
[编辑]财务风险的定义和基本类型
财务风险是指企业在各项财务活动中由于各种难以预料和无法控制的因素，使企业在一定时期、一定范围内所获取的最终财务成果与预期的经营目标发生偏差，从而形成的使企业蒙受经济损失或更大收益的可能性。企业的财务...
财务危机(Financial Distress)通常是指企业不能偿还到期债务的困难和危机，其极端形式是企业破产。当企业资金匮乏和信用崩溃同时出现时，企业破产便无可挽回。所以，为防止财务危机与破产的发生，每个企业都在寻求防止财务危机的方法和拯救危机的措施。尤其是在日，中国证券市场上第一例摘牌公司“PT水仙”成为事实后，无论是上市公司还是非上市公司都在防范出现财务危机。另外，中国即将加入WTO，国内企业将面临更加激烈的竞争，要想在激烈的竞争中立于不败之地，加强财务危机预警制无疑是每个企业都应加强的一个重要方面。本文结合近年来一些危机企业、破产企业的情况，探讨在面临竞争与发展的情况下，造成企业财务危机的原因。
一、多角化经营的陷阱
当企业发展到一定程度，为避免经营...
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出门在外也不愁求关于房地产保有税（物业税）的外文文献和外文翻译本人英语稀烂...实在找不到了
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求关于房地产保有税（物业税）的外文文献和外文翻译本人英语稀烂...实在找不到了
...求大神谢谢
要是好的话 我会多加分
求关于房地产保有税（物业税）的外文文献和外文翻译本人英语稀烂...实在找不到了
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标题:Housing crunch and property tax.作者:DAVID, GREG来源:Crain's New York Business, 3/21/2011, Vol. 27 Issue 12, p12-12, 1/2p文献类型:Opinion2、John Bone,Karen O’Reilly.No place called home: the causes and social consequences of the UK housing ‘bubble’[J].The British Journal of Sociology，2010，(2)
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